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Tylosin Tartrate
Chemistry - A macrolide antibiotic related structurally to erythromycin, tylosin
is produced from Streptomyces fradiae. It occurs as an almost white to
buff-colored powder with a pKa of 7.1. It is slightly soluble in water and
soluble in alcohol. Tylosin is considered to be highly lipid soluble. The
tartrate salt is soluble in water. The injectable form of the drug (as the base)
is in a 50% propylene glycol solution.
Storage/Stability/Compatibility - Unless otherwise instructed by the
manufacturer, injectable tylosin should be stored in well-closed containers at
room temperature. Tylosin, like erythromycin, is unstable in acidic (pH <4)
media. It is not recommended to mix the parenteral injection with other drugs.
Pharmacology - Tylosin is thought to have the same mechanism of action as
erythromycin (binds to 50S ribosome and inhibits protein synthesis) and
exhibits a similar spectrum of activity. It is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. For
more specific information on organisms that tylosin is usually active against,
refer to the erythromycin monograph just prior to this one. Cross resistance
with erythromycin occurs.
Uses/Indications - Although the injectable form of tylosin is approved for use
in dogs and cats, it is rarely used parenterally in those species. Oral tylosin
is sometimes recommended for the treatment of chronic colitis in small animals
(see Doses), but controlled studies documenting its efficacy have not been
performed. Tylosin is also used in clinically in cattle and swine for infections
caused by susceptible organisms.